What is the job?
The role of the web designer, is to create the 'look and feel' of a website. What this actually involves can vary, depending on the size of team the designer is part of, or the type of company they are working for or where the designer is working alone or in a very small team. In smaller web design teams or when working as a freelance web designer, a web designer may need to take on additional roles such as programming and content writing, which are the work of the web developer and the content writer in larger web teams.
A web designer creates graphical representations of user interfaces by utilizing tools like Adobe Photoshop or Illustrator. Typically, they adhere to a design brief provided in the form of verbal guidance, a written description, or 'wire-frame' sketches.
Typically, the designer will create distinct visuals for various screens in the product, such as the homepage, first-level pages, and lower-level pages of the website. These visuals should at least display the layout, color scheme, typography, images, and other features of the sites. Moreover, they often detail how interface elements should react to visitor interactions, either through annotations or supplementary visuals. For instance, this could involve defining color or style modifications for clicked or hovered links, or designing animated buttons and menus.
Web Designers must prepare designs in a way that allows them to be easily implemented by developers programmers. This means designs must be appropriate for their intended purpose and visuals must be provided in the right format and at the correct size and resolution. Sometimes the roles are combined, with the designer-developer or designer-programmer being responsible for implementing their own designs, especially where the entire interface is animated or where a HTML and CSS based web design approach is being used.
Web Designers can either work full-time for a company or choose to freelance. Freelancers with a combination of strong design skills and comprehensive technical expertise are typically in high demand.
Skills Needed:
If you want to become a web designer the key skills that you will need include...
Can use the web design process.
Good drawing and diagramming ability.
Awareness of design principles, elements, composition and other design theories.
Knowledge of relevant design, image manipulation, and asset optimisation software.
Good interpersonal communication skills, especially when dealing with specialists in other disciplines.
Ability to manage time, prioritise tasks and work under pressure.
Knowledge of the requirements of the relevant Health and Safety legislation and procedures.
Basic HTML and CSS knowledge to allow you to work better with web developers and/or to redesign or edit existing website templates.
Typical career routes
The job tends to be divided into various levels of seniority, based mostly on experience. As a general rule, the greater the seniority, the more responsibility the designer will have for the overall user experience, including the design of navigation, features and functionality. At junior levels, Designers tend to be tasked with only some aspects, typically the visual styling, of the interface.
There are no typical career routes, but many web designers come from a traditional design background, such as graphic, print or information design. Sometimes they combine this with experience or study in a more technical subject, such as computer science, engineering, mathematics or psychology. It is this combination of creative and technical disciplines that tends to set the best web designers apart and enables them to progress into more senior positions.
Essential knowledge and skills
Simply put, a web designer must know how to create a website, but this of course involves multiple parameters and requires a range of skills. As the saying goes there are many ways to skin a cat! Well there are also multiple ways to build a website and to be a successful web designer and web developer you will need to familiarise yourself with as many as possible. They will all rely on HTML and CSS at the end of the day so those skills are still key but website builders like Wix and Squarespace and eCommerce platforms like Shopify and Magento may be requested by the client so you will need to know your way around them. Most offer free trials so you can play around with them and learn for free.
Web designers need creativity and artistic flair but also a certain amount of technical understanding. The nature of web design means that they must often design within many unknown or variable parameters, for example, the user's screen size, or the amount of content to be included on a web page.
The web designer must therefore be able to identify these factors and think laterally so as to produce flexible designs that work correctly in a range of circumstances. They need to understand usability issues, the principles of interaction design, and any user-interface standards that are relevant to the website.
Training and qualifications
Although there are now various specialist web design courses available, many web designers' qualifications are in more traditional art-related subjects. Architecture and product design are particularly useful backgrounds, as they tend to encourage the combinations of creative and technical thinking that web design requires, design in its broadest sense. Experience is generally valued most, however, and a good portfolio of web design work is essential.
*If you enjoyed this article you may also find our Web Design Process and How To Create a Website articles useful.
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